Dufour R, Kroll J F
Department of Psychology, Swarthmore College, PA 19081-1397, USA.
Mem Cognit. 1995 Mar;23(2):166-80. doi: 10.3758/bf03197219.
A categorization paradigm was used to investigate the relations between lexical and conceptual connections in bilingual memory. Fifty-one more fluent and less fluent English-French bilinguals viewed category names (e.g., vegetable) and then decided whether a target word (e.g., peas) was a member of that category. The category names and target words appeared in both English and French across experimental conditions. Because category matching requires access to conceptual memory, only relatively fluent bilinguals, who are able to directly access meaning for their second language, were expected to be able to use category information across languages. The performance of less-fluent bilinguals was expected to reflect reliance on lexical-level connections between languages, requiring translation of second-language words. The results provided evidence for concept mediation by more-fluent bilinguals, because categorization latencies were independent of the language of the category name. However, the performance of less-fluent bilinguals indicated that they did not follow a simple lexical translation strategy. Instead, these subjects were faster at categorizing words in both languages when the language of the category name matched the language of the target word, suggesting that they were able to access limited conceptual information from the second language. A model of the development of concept mediation during second language acquisition is described.
采用一种分类范式来研究双语记忆中词汇和概念联系之间的关系。51名英语-法语双语者，其英语流利程度较高和较低，他们观看类别名称（如蔬菜），然后判断一个目标词（如豌豆）是否属于该类别。在不同的实验条件下，类别名称和目标词均以英语和法语呈现。由于类别匹配需要访问概念记忆，所以预计只有相对流利的双语者，即那些能够直接获取其第二语言意义的人，才能跨语言使用类别信息。预计英语流利程度较低的双语者的表现将反映出他们对语言之间词汇层面联系的依赖，这需要对第二语言的单词进行翻译。结果为更流利的双语者存在概念中介提供了证据，因为分类潜伏期与类别名称的语言无关。然而，英语流利程度较低的双语者的表现表明，他们并没有遵循简单的词汇翻译策略。相反，当类别名称的语言与目标词的语言相匹配时，这些受试者在对两种语言中的单词进行分类时速度更快，这表明他们能够从第二语言中获取有限的概念信息。本文描述了第二语言习得过程中概念中介发展的模型。
