Fernández-Caldas E, Baena-Cagnani C E, López M, Patiño C, Neffen H E, Sánchez-Medina M, Caraballo L R, Huerta López J, Malka S, Naspitz C K
Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana.
J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 1993 Sep-Oct;3(5):245-9.
The prevalence of positive skin prick tests to the mite species Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, D. farinae, Blomia tropicalis, Chortoglyphus arcuatus, Lepidoglyphus destructor and Aleuroglyphus ovatus was determined in 297 asthmatic adults and children living in seven cities of five Latin American countries. A standardized protocol and a common battery of extracts were used at each site. The mean wheal diameters were measured after 15 min, and those > or = 3 mm were considered positive. Sensitization to D. pteronyssinus varied from 60.7% in Cartagena to 91.2% in São Paulo; to D. farinae from 53.3% in Córdoba to 97.2% in Caracas; to A. ovatus from 26.6% in Bogotá to 71.2% in São Paulo; to B. tropicalis from 46.5% in Mexico City to 93.7% in São Paulo; to C. arcuatus from 33.3% in Mexico City to 75% in São Paulo; and to L. destructor from 30% in Mexico City to 76.2% in São Paulo. This study reported the results of skin test sensitivities in both children and adults. The studies from São Paulo and Córdoba were confined to children and thus could be compared; there was a significantly higher prevalence of cutaneous sensitivity to mite allergens in the children of São Paulo than in those of Córdoba (p < 0.001 for all mite species). Cutaneous sensitivity to mite allergens is very common in young and adult asthmatics in Latin America, in areas both at sea level and at high altitudes. Environmental control measures should be reinforced in the treatment of asthmatics in Latin America.
在拉丁美洲五个国家七个城市的297名哮喘成人和儿童中，测定了对螨种屋尘螨、粉尘螨、热带无爪螨、弓形嗜热厉螨、毁灭嗜鳞螨和椭圆食粉螨皮肤点刺试验阳性的患病率。每个地点都使用了标准化方案和一组通用的提取物。15分钟后测量平均风团直径，直径大于或等于3毫米被视为阳性。对屋尘螨的致敏率在卡塔赫纳为60.7%，在圣保罗为91.2%；对粉尘螨的致敏率在科尔多瓦为53.3%，在加拉加斯为97.2%；对椭圆食粉螨的致敏率在波哥大为26.6%，在圣保罗为71.2%；对热带无爪螨的致敏率在墨西哥城为46.5%，在圣保罗为93.7%；对弓形嗜热厉螨的致敏率在墨西哥城为33.3%，在圣保罗为75%；对毁灭嗜鳞螨的致敏率在墨西哥城为30%，在圣保罗为76.2%。本研究报告了儿童和成人皮肤试验敏感性的结果。圣保罗和科尔多瓦的研究仅限于儿童，因此可以进行比较；圣保罗儿童对螨过敏原的皮肤致敏率明显高于科尔多瓦儿童（所有螨种的p<0.001）。在拉丁美洲，无论是海平面地区还是高海拔地区，年轻和成年哮喘患者对螨过敏原的皮肤致敏都非常普遍。在拉丁美洲哮喘患者的治疗中应加强环境控制措施。
