Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.
Mem Cognit. 2012 Feb;40(2):252-65. doi: 10.3758/s13421-011-0152-6.
Previous research using the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm has shown that lists of associates in which the critical words were easily identified as the themes of the lists produce lower levels of false memories in adults. In an attempt to analyze whether this effect is due to the application of a specific memory-editing process (the identify-to-reject strategy), two experiments manipulated variables that are likely to disrupt this strategy either at encoding or at retrieval. In Experiment 1, lists were presented at a very fast presentation rate to reduce the possibility of identifying the missing critical word as the theme of the list, and in Experiment 2, participants were pressed to give yes/no recognition answers within a very short time. The results showed that both of these manipulations disrupted the identifiability effect, indicating that the identify-to-reject strategy and theme identifiability play a major role in the rejection of false memories in the DRM paradigm.
先前使用 Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) 范式的研究表明，在容易识别关键词作为列表主题的关联词列表中，成年人产生的虚假记忆水平较低。为了分析这种效果是否归因于特定的记忆编辑过程（识别-拒绝策略），两个实验操纵了可能在编码或检索过程中破坏该策略的变量。在实验 1 中，以非常快的呈现速度呈现列表，以减少将缺失的关键词识别为列表主题的可能性，在实验 2 中，要求参与者在非常短的时间内给出是/否识别答案。结果表明，这两种操作都破坏了可识别性效应，表明识别-拒绝策略和主题可识别性在 DRM 范式中拒绝虚假记忆中起着重要作用。
