Department of Disease Control and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, P,O, Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda.
BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2013 Nov 14;13:101. doi: 10.1186/1471-2261-13-101.
Persons with a systolic blood pressure (BP) of 120 to < 140 or diastolic BP of 80 to < 90 mm hg are classified as having pre-hypertension. Pre-hypertension is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, incident CVD and CVD mortality. Understanding determinants of pre-hypertension especially in low income countries is a pre-requisite for improved prevention and control.
Data were analyzed for 4142 persons aged 18 years and older with BP measured in a community cross sectional survey in Uganda. The prevalence of pre-hypertension was estimated and a number of risk factors e.g. smoking, use of alcohol, overweight, obesity, physical activity, sex, age, marital status, place of residence, and consumption of vegetables and fruits were compared among different groups (normotension, pre-hypertension, and hypertension) using bivariate and multivariable logistic regression.
The age standardized prevalence of normal blood pressure was 37.6%, pre-hypertension 33.9%, hypertension 28.5% and raised blood pressure 62%. There was no difference between the prevalence of hypertension among women compared to men (28.9% versus 27.9%). However, the prevalence of pre-hypertension was higher among men (41.6%) compared to women (29.4%). Compared to people with normal blood pressure, the risk of pre-hypertension was increased by being 40 years and above, smoking, consumption of alcohol, not being married, being male and being overweight or obese. Compared to pre-hypertension, hypertension was more likely if one was more than 40 years, had infrequent or no physical activity, resided in an urban area, and was obese or overweight.
More than one in three of adults in this population had pre-hypertension. Preventive and public health interventions that reduce the prevalence of raised blood pressure need to be implemented.
收缩压 120 至<140mmHg 或舒张压 80 至<90mmHg 的人被归类为患有前期高血压。前期高血压与心血管疾病（CVD）风险因素、CVD 事件和 CVD 死亡率有关。了解前期高血压的决定因素，尤其是在低收入国家，是改善预防和控制的前提。
对乌干达社区横断面调查中测量血压的 4142 名 18 岁及以上的人进行了数据分析。估计前期高血压的患病率，并使用二变量和多变量逻辑回归比较不同组（正常血压、前期高血压和高血压）之间的一些风险因素，如吸烟、饮酒、超重、肥胖、身体活动、性别、年龄、婚姻状况、居住地以及蔬菜和水果的摄入情况。
标准化后的正常血压患病率为 37.6%，前期高血压为 33.9%，高血压为 28.5%，血压升高为 62%。女性高血压患病率与男性（28.9%比 27.9%）没有差异。然而，男性前期高血压的患病率（41.6%）高于女性（29.4%）。与血压正常的人相比，40 岁及以上、吸烟、饮酒、未婚、男性和超重或肥胖会增加前期高血压的风险。与前期高血压相比，如果年龄超过 40 岁、体力活动不频繁或没有、居住在城市地区、肥胖或超重，高血压的可能性更大。
该人群中超过三分之一的成年人患有前期高血压。需要实施预防和公共卫生干预措施，以降低血压升高的患病率。
