Pretorius Etheresia, Swanepoel Albe C, Buys Antoinette V, Vermeulen Natasha, Duim Wiebren, Kell Douglas B
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Arcadia 0007, South Africa.
Microscopy and Microanalysis Unit, University of Pretoria, Arcadia 0007, South Africa.
Aging (Albany NY). 2014 Oct;6(10):788-819. doi: 10.18632/aging.100695.
A major trend in recent Parkinson's disease (PD) research is the investigation of biological markers that could help in identifying at-risk individuals or to track disease progression and response to therapies. Central to this is the knowledge that inflammation is a known hallmark of PD and of many other degenerative diseases. In the current work, we focus on inflammatory signalling in PD, using a systems approach that allows us to look at the disease in a more holistic way. We discuss cyclooxygenases, prostaglandins, thromboxanes and also iron in PD. These particular signalling molecules are involved in PD pathophysiology, but are also very important in an aberrant coagulation/hematology system. We present and discuss a hypothesis regarding the possible interaction of these aberrant signalling molecules implicated in PD, and suggest that these molecules may affect the erythrocytes of PD patients. This would be observable as changes in the morphology of the RBCs and of PD patients relative to healthy controls. We then show that the RBCs of PD patients are indeed rather dramatically deranged in their morphology, exhibiting eryptosis (a kind of programmed cell death). This morphological indicator may have useful diagnostic and prognostic significance.
帕金森病（PD）研究的一个主要趋势是对生物标志物进行研究，这些生物标志物有助于识别高危个体，或追踪疾病进展以及对治疗的反应。其中的核心是，炎症是PD以及许多其他退行性疾病的一个已知特征。在当前的研究中，我们聚焦于PD中的炎症信号传导，采用一种系统方法，使我们能够以更全面的方式看待这种疾病。我们讨论了环氧化酶、前列腺素、血栓素以及PD中的铁。这些特定的信号分子参与了PD的病理生理学过程，但在异常的凝血/血液系统中也非常重要。我们提出并讨论了一个关于这些与PD相关的异常信号分子可能相互作用的假说，并表明这些分子可能会影响PD患者的红细胞。相对于健康对照，这将表现为PD患者红细胞形态的变化。然后我们表明，PD患者的红细胞形态确实出现了相当显著的紊乱，表现为红细胞凋亡（一种程序性细胞死亡）。这种形态学指标可能具有有用的诊断和预后意义。
