Schürmann W, Eggers H J
Med Microbiol Immunol. 1985;174(5):221-36. doi: 10.1007/BF02124807.
As enteroviruses are mainly transmitted by the fecal-oral route, this study was initiated to investigate the nature of the binding of enteroviruses to human skin. Using poliovirus 1, Mahoney, we investigated the overall effectiveness of soap and water hand-washing of 1 and 5 min duration. The virus-skin interaction was studied by kinetic analysis of repeated serial washings. The following results were obtained: (1) Soap and water washing for 5 min reduced the number of infective particles on hands by 2-4 logs of ten. (2) Poliovirus binding to skin was essentially reversible. (3) Removal of virus followed a triexponential decline curve, suggesting loose, intermediate, and strong binding. (4) Washing agents more effective than soap were sand, aluminum hydroxide powder, and buffer alone, suggesting that friction was more important than emulsification. The results demonstrate the tenacity of poliovirus on skin, and offer a rationale for the epidemiology of enteroviruses on experimental grounds. From a practical point of view these results stress the need for an effective chemical hand disinfectant, particularly in hospitals.
由于肠道病毒主要通过粪-口途径传播，因此开展了本研究以调查肠道病毒与人体皮肤结合的性质。我们使用脊髓灰质炎病毒1型（Mahoney株），研究了持续1分钟和5分钟的肥皂和水洗手的总体效果。通过对重复连续洗涤的动力学分析研究了病毒与皮肤的相互作用。获得了以下结果：（1）用肥皂和水洗涤5分钟可使手上的感染性颗粒数量减少2至4个对数级。（2）脊髓灰质炎病毒与皮肤的结合基本上是可逆的。（3）病毒的清除遵循三指数下降曲线，表明存在松散、中等和牢固的结合。（4）比肥皂更有效的洗涤剂是沙子、氢氧化铝粉末和单独的缓冲液，这表明摩擦比乳化更重要。这些结果证明了脊髓灰质炎病毒在皮肤上的韧性，并为肠道病毒的流行病学提供了实验依据。从实际角度来看，这些结果强调了有效化学手部消毒剂的必要性，尤其是在医院。
