Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China.
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kunming Children's Hospital, Kunming, China.
PLoS One. 2018 Aug 23;13(8):e0198557. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198557. eCollection 2018.
Previous molecular characterization of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in China focused only on one or two cities. In this study, we characterized 835 samples from patients suspected to be infected with M. pneumoniae; these samples were collected in 2016 from pediatric patients from different regions of China. Multiple locus variable number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA), P1-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis, and sequencing of the domain V of 23S rRNA were performed to compare genotype distribution across different locations. Two-hundred-and-thirteen samples tested positive for M. pneumoniae by PCR. P1 types were identified in 154 samples: 78.6% were type I and 21.4% were type II. Type I was the most prevalent genotype in five locations, except Nanjing where type II was the most common type (p < 0.01). Five distinct MLVA types were identified in the 172 samples. Genotype M4-5-7-2 was predominant at all locations, except Nanjing where type 3-5-6-2 was the most common (p < 0.01). Macrolide resistance-associated mutations were identified in 186 (76.3%) samples. The resistance rate differed with the location. This study showed that genotypes and macrolide resistance rate differed across China. The most prevalent genotype in China remains M4-5-7-2/P1-1. The resistance rate decreased, along with changes to the M4-5-7-2 genotype.
先前对中国肺炎支原体的分子特征研究仅集中于一两个城市。在本研究中，我们对 2016 年来自中国不同地区疑似感染肺炎支原体的 835 例患者样本进行了特征分析。采用多位点可变数目串联重复分析（MLVA）、P1 限制酶切片段长度多态性（RFLP）分析和 23S rRNA 结构域 V 区测序，比较了不同地区的基因型分布。213 例 PCR 检测阳性的样本进行了 P1 型鉴定：78.6%为 I 型，21.4%为 II 型。除南京外，I 型是其他五个地区最常见的基因型（p<0.01），而 II 型是南京最常见的基因型。在 172 例样本中鉴定出 5 种不同的 MLVA 型。除南京外，所有地区均以 M4-5-7-2 型为主（p<0.01），而南京则以 3-5-6-2 型为主。在 186 例（76.3%）样本中发现了与大环内酯类药物耐药相关的突变。耐药率因地理位置而异。本研究表明，基因型和大环内酯类药物耐药率在中国各地存在差异。中国最常见的基因型仍为 M4-5-7-2/P1-1。随着 M4-5-7-2 基因型的变化，耐药率也有所下降。
