Elmoslemany Ahmed, Elsohaby Ibrahim, Alorabi Mohammed, Alkafafy Mohamed, Al-Marri Theeb, Aldoweriej Ali, Alaql Fanan A, Almubarak Abdullah, Fayez Mahmoud
Hygiene and Preventive Medicine Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt.
Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig City 44511, Egypt.
Antibiotics (Basel). 2021 Mar 31;10(4):367. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics10040367.
Understanding the distribution, antimicrobial resistance (AMR), and risk factors associated with multidrug-resistant (MDR) and methicillin-resistant staphylococci (MRS) isolated from cats admitted to veterinary clinics may decrease the risk of MDR and MRS transmission to humans and other cats. As such, the objectives of this study were to investigate the diversity in spp. recovered from different anatomical locations in healthy and diseased cats and to determine the occurrence of MDR and MRS spp. as well as possible risk factors associated with colonization in these cats. Five swabs were collected from the anus, skin, ear canal, conjunctival sac, and nares of each cat (209 healthy and 191 diseased) admitted to a veterinary clinic in Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia, between January and December 2018. Prior to sample collection, cat owners completed a questionnaire collecting information on cat demographics, health status, management, and antimicrobial usage. In total, 179 isolates were recovered from healthy ( = 71) and diseased ( = 108) cats, including 94 (52.5%) coagulase-positive staphylococci (CoPS), and 85 (47.5%) coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS). Five spp. were identified, namely, , , , , and . isolates were most commonly resistant to penicillin (56.4%) and ciprofloxacin (25.7%); however, no isolate was resistant to clindamycin. Thirty (16.8%) spp. (24 and 6 ) isolates were MDR, with resistance to up to six different antibiotic classes. Only 17 (9.5%) spp. (15 methicillin-resistant and 2 methicillin-resistant ) harbored the gene. Risk factor analysis showed that cats with a history of antibiotic therapy, those raised mainly indoors with a child, and those who visit a veterinary clinic for treatment were at higher risk of MDR and MRS colonization. In conclusion, MDR and MRS were common in healthy and diseased cats in Saudi Arabia. Thus, an effective antimicrobial stewardship program and further studies using a One Health approach are required to investigate the role of cats as vectors for AMR transmission to humans.
了解从兽医诊所收治的猫身上分离出的多重耐药（MDR）和耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌（MRS）的分布、抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）及相关风险因素，可能会降低MDR和MRS传播给人类和其他猫的风险。因此，本研究的目的是调查从健康和患病猫的不同解剖部位分离出的葡萄球菌属的多样性，并确定MDR和MRS葡萄球菌属的发生率以及与这些猫定植相关的可能风险因素。2018年1月至12月期间，从沙特阿拉伯东部省一家兽医诊所收治的每只猫（209只健康猫和191只患病猫）的肛门、皮肤、耳道、结膜囊和鼻孔采集了五份拭子。在样本采集前，猫主人填写了一份问卷收集有关猫的人口统计学、健康状况、管理和抗菌药物使用情况的信息。总共从健康猫（n = 71）和患病猫（n = 108）中分离出179株葡萄球菌，包括94株（52.5%）凝固酶阳性葡萄球菌（CoPS）和85株（47.5%）凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（CoNS）。鉴定出五种葡萄球菌属，即金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、溶血葡萄球菌、模仿葡萄球菌和路邓葡萄球菌。葡萄球菌分离株最常见的是对青霉素（56.4%）和环丙沙星（25.7%）耐药；然而，没有分离株对克林霉素耐药。30株（16.8%）葡萄球菌属分离株（24株金黄色葡萄球菌和6株表皮葡萄球菌）为MDR，对多达六种不同抗生素类别耐药。只有17株（9.5%）葡萄球菌属分离株（15株耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌和2株耐甲氧西林表皮葡萄球菌）携带mecA基因。风险因素分析表明，有抗生素治疗史的猫、主要在室内与儿童一起饲养的猫以及前往兽医诊所治疗的猫发生MDR和MRS定植的风险较高。总之，MDR和MRS在沙特阿拉伯的健康和患病猫中很常见。因此，需要一个有效的抗菌药物管理计划，并采用“同一健康”方法进行进一步研究，以调查猫作为AMR传播给人类的载体的作用。
