Brenn T
J Epidemiol Community Health. 1986 Sep;40(3):249-56. doi: 10.1136/jech.40.3.249.
Frequency of beer, wine, and spirits drinking and inebriation by alcohol were associated with serum lipids and blood pressure in 14,667 free-living men and women aged 20 to 54 years. Regression analysis including several background variables revealed that alcohol was more "favourably" associated with coronary risk factors than previously reported, due to the small consumption of alcohol in the population (only 2.0% of men and 0.3% of women reported drinking every day) or to unknown confounding factors: wine (p less than 0.05) and inebriation (p less than 0.01) were inversely related with total cholesterol in women; the strong positive relation with HDL-cholesterol in both sexes previously reported was confirmed; beer (p less than 0.05) and inebriation p(less than 0.05) in men and spirits (p less than 0.01) in women seemed to decrease triglycerides; and a new observation may be the negative association between wine and blood pressure (systolic p less than 0.01 in both sexes) as opposed to the positive relation with beer (p less than 0.01 both pressures in men) and spirits (p less than 0.05 systolic pressure and p less than 0.01 diastolic pressure in men and p less than 0.05 diastolic pressure in women). Women showed more "favourable effects" of alcohol than men, and one reason may be that they drank less often. Wine gave lower risk factor readings than beer, and especially lower than spirits.
在14667名年龄在20至54岁的自由生活的男性和女性中，啤酒、葡萄酒和烈酒的饮用频率以及醉酒与血脂和血压有关。包括几个背景变量的回归分析显示，由于人群中酒精消费量较少（只有2.0%的男性和0.3%的女性报告每天饮酒）或存在未知的混杂因素，酒精与冠心病危险因素的关联比之前报道的更为“有利”：葡萄酒（p<0.05）和醉酒（p<0.01）与女性总胆固醇呈负相关；此前报道的两性中与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的强正相关得到证实；啤酒（p<0.05）和男性醉酒（p<0.05）以及女性烈酒（p<0.01）似乎能降低甘油三酯；一个新的发现可能是葡萄酒与血压呈负相关（两性收缩压p<0.01），而啤酒与血压呈正相关（男性两种血压p<0.01）以及烈酒与血压呈正相关（男性收缩压p<0.05、舒张压p<0.01，女性舒张压p<0.05）。女性饮酒的“有利影响”比男性更多，一个原因可能是她们饮酒频率较低。葡萄酒的危险因素读数低于啤酒，尤其低于烈酒。
